When we consider a completely lossless transmission line, then it is given as: In terms of parameters characteristic impedance is represented as: It is to be noted here that no reflection of the transmitted wave will take place. Then the ratio of voltage corresponding to the transmission line and the equivalent current that is flowing through it is known as characteristic impedance. Suppose an electrical wave is traveling from one end to another through a uniform as well as a lossless transmission line. So, basically, there exist 2 electrical properties of any symmetrical network. So, the four parameters of a transmission line are represented as R, L, C, and G.Ī transmission line that allows the propagation of electrical waves is assumed to be uniform as well as symmetrical in nature so as to have a convenient transmission. Its unit is mho per unit length of the conductor. It is basically present between the conducting wires and is represented by G. This current is called leakage current and it is responsible for leakage conductance through the transmission line. Due to which some current also flows through the dielectric. Conductance: The two parallel conductors are separated by a dielectric medium but it is not a perfect insulator.Inductance is represented by L and its unit is Henry per unit length of the conductor. Its value depends on the current flowing through the conductor. So, this emf now flows in opposite direction with the current flowing through the device which is known as inductance. As the magnetic field varies, electromagnetic flux gets generated in the line. Inductance: When current flows through a conductor then it generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.It is measured in farads per unit length of the conductor. Thus it has some capacitance which is also distributed uniformly over its length. So it behaves as a parallel plate capacitor. Capacitance: As we have already discussed that a transmission line is composed of 2 parallel conducting wire separated by dielectric material.It is noteworthy here that the resistance shows the variation with temperature and signal frequency applied to it. L denotes the length of the transmission line andĪ denotes the cross-sectional area of the line : ρ denotes the conductivity of the conducting material It is represented by R and its unit is ohms per unit length of the conductor. As we have already discussed that these are distributed parameter networks that means its parameters are distributed uniformly along the entire length.
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